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📜 Modern History Chapter 9: The Wahabi Movement in Bihar (बिहार में वहाबी आंदोलन)

Module 3: Sittana Frontier State, Afghan Campaigns & Mughal Invitation

📖 Chapter 9 of 28 🧩 Module 3 of 6 ⏱️ ~2 min read 💡 5 MCQs
Topic Part 1 of 2

Concept

Subtopic 3.1: External Frontiers, Sovereign Outposts & Treatises

The vision of the Patna Wahabis was truly transnational, linking the Gangetic plains with the rugged Hindu Kush frontiers:

  • The Sovereign State at Sittana: In the rugged North-West Frontier region (Swat/Hazara border), the Wahabis established their sovereign independent military base and state at Sittana (सित्ताना). Fortified camps at Sittana were continuously funded and garrisoned by supplies sent from Patna.
  • Alliance with Swat & Afghanistan: The Patna leadership maintained close diplomatic links across the Durand line. Inayat Ali and Wilayat Ali accompanied founder Syed Ahmad on his mission to Afghanistan. Later, the independent ruler of Swat, Syed Akbar Shah, warmly welcomed Wilayat Ali and Inayat Ali, integrating their forces into frontier defense.
  • Imperial Welcome by Bahadur Shah Zafar: The revolutionary fame of Patna reached the Mughal throne. The last Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, personally invited Wilayat Ali of Patna to deliver sermons in the royal presence at the Red Fort, profoundly praising his anti-British speeches.
  • Ideological Literature: The movement sustained its fervor through revolutionary texts and pamphlets, including Sirat-i-Mustaqeem (authored by Maulvi Muhammad Ismail and Maulvi Hai), Risala-i-Jihad, and Risala-i-Hijrat.
⭐ Key Points
  • The Wahabis established their independent frontier stronghold at Sittana.
  • Swat's ruler Syed Akbar Shah officially welcomed Wilayat Ali and Inayat Ali.
  • Inayat Ali and Wilayat Ali accompanied Syed Ahmad on his journey to Afghanistan.
  • Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar invited Wilayat Ali to deliver sermons at the imperial court.
  • The booklets 'Sirat-i-Mustaqeem', 'Risala-i-Jihad', and 'Risala-i-Hijrat' were central to the Wahabi movement.
📌 One-line Q&A
  • Question: Where did the Wahabis establish their frontier state? Answer: Sittana.
  • Question: Which ruler of Swat welcomed Inayat Ali and Wilayat Ali? Answer: Syed Akbar Shah.
  • Question: Who went with Syed Ahmad to Afghanistan from Patna? Answer: Inayat Ali and Wilayat Ali.
  • Question: Whom did Emperor Bahadur Shah invite to deliver sermons? Answer: Wilayat Ali.
  • Question: What movement are the texts 'Sirat-i-Mustaqeem' and 'Risala-i-Jihad' linked to? Answer: Wahabi Movement.
Topic
Questions

MCQs

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Question 1: Where in the frontier region did the Wahabis establish their independent military state?

Sittana served as the heavily fortified rebel enclave and independent state from which Wahabi mujahideen fought British expeditions.

Question 2: Which ruler of Swat warmly received and welcomed Patna's Wahabi leaders?

Syed Akbar Shah, ruler of Swat, extended royal protection and welcomed the two brothers, Inayat Ali and Wilayat Ali.

Question 3: Which Wahabi leaders of Patna accompanied founder Syed Ahmad on his journey to Afghanistan?

Both Wilayat Ali and Inayat Ali traveled alongside Syed Ahmad across Afghanistan to recruit and mobilize tribes.

Question 4: Which Wahabi leader of Patna was invited by the last Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah to deliver an address?

Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was deeply moved by the eloquent anti-colonial sermons of Maulvi Wilayat Ali and granted him imperial consent.

Question 5: The revolutionary booklets 'Sirat-i-Mustaqeem', 'Risala-i-Jihad', and 'Risala-i-Hijrat' are associated with which movement?

These foundational ideological treatises were penned by Wahabi scholars like Maulvi Muhammad Ismail to inspire resistance.
Question 1 of 5

One-liners

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Where did the Wahabis establish their frontier state?

Sittana.

Which ruler of Swat welcomed Inayat Ali and Wilayat Ali?

Syed Akbar Shah.

Who went with Syed Ahmad to Afghanistan from Patna?

Inayat Ali and Wilayat Ali.

Whom did Emperor Bahadur Shah invite to deliver sermons?

Wilayat Ali.

What movement are the texts 'Sirat-i-Mustaqeem' and 'Risala-i-Jihad' linked to?

Wahabi Movement.
Question 1 of 5