Mod 2: Japanese PM's India Visit & India-Pakistan Prisoner Exchange

16th India-Japan Annual Summit in New Delhi (July 1–3, 2026):

At the invitation of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Japan's Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi paid an official state visit to India for the 16th India-Japan Annual Summit. This was her first visit to India as Prime Minister (PM Modi visited Japan in August 2025 for the 15th Summit). Minister of State for Science & Technology Jitendra Singh welcomed her at the airport.

• Three Priority Pillars: (i) Defense and security cooperation, (ii) Economic partnership encompassing economic security, energy security, advanced tech, and innovation, and (iii) People-to-people exchanges.
• Energy & IEA Membership: Addressing global energy volatility, Japan reiterated its unequivocal support for India's full membership in the International Energy Agency (IEA).
• Investments & Comprehensive Partnership: Progress toward the 10-trillion-yen investment target was reviewed, along with the review of the CEPA (signed over 15 years ago) and the launch of the India-Japan SME Forum. A ministerial '2+2' (Foreign and Defense Ministers) meeting was scheduled before the end of the year.
• Maritime Security & UN: Both leaders expressed grave concern over the East and South China Seas, reaffirming adherence to UNCLOS. Mutual support was confirmed for non-permanent UNSC seats: India for 2028-29 and Japan for 2033-34.
• Diplomatic Milestone: To commemorate 75 years of diplomatic relations, the year 2027 was designated as the 'International Year of Shared Horizons'.

India-Pakistan Prisoner and Nuclear Facility Lists Exchange (July 1, 2026):

Under a bilateral agreement signed on May 31, 2008, India and Pakistan exchanged lists of civilian prisoners and fishermen in their respective custody on July 1, 2026. This exchange occurs twice annually through diplomatic channels on January 1 and July 1.

• According to the list handed over by Pakistan on July 1, 2026, 250 Indian prisoners are currently detained in Pakistani jails.
• Separately, under a bilateral agreement signed on December 31, 1988, both countries exchange lists of their nuclear installations and facilities annually on January 1.