Chapter 3

Macroeconomics  /  Sustainable development and inclusive growth

Module 6: Urban Sustainability & City-Level Indices

NITI Aayog and the SDG scoreboards, then the ideas under them: limits, the Kuznets curve, the circular economy, and human capital.

TopicPart 1 of 4

Subtopic 6.1: SDG Urban Index and Dashboard

This urban podium is Shimla’s. Another ranking’s famous winner can miss it entirely.

States are not the only geography. In November 2021 NITI Aayog released the SDG Urban Index and Dashboard for a set of cities. The notes put Shimla first, with a score of 75.50, Coimbatore second, and Chandigarh and Thiruvananthapuram jointly third. Indore, which leads other urban rankings in the public mind, was not in the top three and not in the top ten of this particular index. The question is written as a negative: which city was not among the top three, and the key is Indore.

A city index can diverge from a cleanliness ranking or a ease-of-living ranking because the SDG set includes poverty, health, water, jobs and institutions, not one visible service. Remember the index’s name when you remember the winner.

  1. Date and author: NITI Aayog, November 2021, SDG Urban Index.
  2. First: Shimla, 75.50.
  3. Second: Coimbatore. Joint third: Chandigarh and Thiruvananthapuram.
  4. Not in the top three: Indore, which is the keyed exclusion.
  5. Do not transfer a Swachh ranking onto this index.
Worked example. If the options are Shimla, Coimbatore, Indore and Thiruvananthapuram, drop Indore. Shimla’s 75.50 is a front-runner-type score on the state bands, but the urban index is a different table. Quoting Kerala’s state rank will not answer a city question. Quoting Indore’s reputation will answer it wrongly.
Memory hook. Shimla, Coimbatore, then Chandigarh with Thiruvananthapuram. Indore is the city the question says was not there.

City indicators suffer from thin data: many SDG series are state-level and have to be proxied for a municipal area. Rankings of a few dozen selected cities are not a census of urban India. A caveat is that Shimla’s lead is for the published set and the published indicators in 2021-22, not a permanent urban hierarchy.

The exercise still matters because municipal governments, not only state capitals, deliver water, sanitation and housing, which are SDG 6 and SDG 11 problems.

Figure

SDG Urban Index podium in the notes

  1. 11Shimla, 75.50.
  2. 22Coimbatore.
  3. 33Chandigarh and Thiruvananthapuram, jointly.
  4. 4Not top threeIndore.
November 2021 release, scores as given for the leader. Indore is the exclusion the item tests.

Original notes

Subtopic 6.1: SDG Urban Index and Dashboard

Recognizing rapid urbanization as both an engine of economic growth and a potential environmental stressor, NITI Aayog, in collaboration with GIZ, launched the inaugural SDG Urban Index and Dashboard (2021-22) in November 2021. The framework assesses 56 urban local bodies across 77 indicators.

The top performing urban centers identified in the 2021-22 inaugural edition were:

  1. Shimla: Rank 1 (Composite score: 75.50)
  2. Coimbatore: Rank 2 (Composite score: 73.29)
  3. Chandigarh & Thiruvananthapuram: Joint Rank 3 (Composite score: 72.36 each)

Cities such as Indore, despite high performance in municipal cleanliness surveys, did not place in the top ten of this multi-dimensional urban sustainability index.

  • SDG Urban Index was launched by NITI Aayog in November 2021.
  • Shimla secured 1st rank, followed by Coimbatore (2nd) and Chandigarh/Thiruvananthapuram (joint 3rd).
  • Indore was not in the top three or top ten positions in this index.
Topic
Questions

Choose one option, then the next question.

Original question

Question 13: Which one of the following city was not among the top three positions in the Sustainable Development Goal Urban Index and Dashboard 2021-22 declared by NITI Aayog in November 2021? [U.P. R.O./A.R.O. (Mains) 2021]

The top three positions were Shimla (75.50), Coimbatore (73.29), and Chandigarh/Thiruvananthapuram (72.36 each). Indore was not in the top ten.

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